Kodi makampani azitsulo angakwaniritse bwanji cholinga chapawiri?

Madzulo a December 14, China Baowu, Rio Tinto ndi Tsinghua University pamodzi adagwirizanitsa zolinga zachitatu za China Steel Low Carbon Development Goals ndi Pathways Workshop kuti akambirane za njira yopita ku kusintha kwa mpweya wochepa m'makampani azitsulo.

Popeza kupanga koyamba kudaposa matani 100 miliyoni mu 1996, China yakhala dziko lopanga zitsulo padziko lonse lapansi kwa zaka 26 zotsatizana.China ndiye likulu lopangira zitsulo zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso likulu lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi.Poyang'anizana ndi chandamale cha China cha 30-60 chapawiri cha carbon, makampani azitsulo akulimbikitsanso luso lobiriwira la carbon low, momwe kukonzekera kwasayansi, kugwirizanitsa mafakitale, kupititsa patsogolo luso lazopangapanga komanso kukonza mphamvu zamagetsi ndizofunikira.

Kodi makampani azitsulo angakwaniritse bwanji kusalowerera ndale kwa carbon ndi carbon?

Monga gawo lofunikira pazachuma cha dziko, makampani azitsulo ndi amodzi mwa mfundo zazikulu komanso zovuta zolimbikitsa kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya.Wang Hao, Wachiwiri kwa Mtsogoleri wa Carbon Summit ndi Carbon Neutral Promotion Division ya Dipatimenti ya Environmental Resources ya National Development and Reform Commission, adanena pamsonkhanowo kuti makampani azitsulo sayenera kufika pachimake chifukwa chofuna kufika pachimake. osasiya kuchepetsa zokolola pofuna kuchepetsa umuna, koma ayenera kutenga mpweya nsonga ngati mwayi wofunika kulimbikitsa wobiriwira ndi otsika mpweya kusintha ndi apamwamba chitukuko cha makampani zitsulo.

Huang Guiding, wachiwiri kwa mlembi wamkulu wa China Iron ndi Zitsulo Makampani Association, ananena pamsonkhano kuti pofuna kulimbikitsa wobiriwira ndi otsika mpweya, China zitsulo makampani mwakhama kulimbikitsa ntchito zazikulu zitatu zitsulo: m'malo mphamvu, kopitilira muyeso-otsika umuna ndi mphamvu kwambiri. kuchita bwino.Komabe, gwero la China ndi mphamvu yopereka zitsulo zosakwanira zachitsulo, zolemera mu malasha ndi osauka mu mafuta ndi gasi, zimatsimikizira kuti momwe chuma cha China chilili, chomwe chimayang'aniridwa ndi nthawi yayitali ya ng'anjo zophulika ndi zosinthira, zidzasungidwa kwanthawi yayitali. nthawi yayitali.

Huang anati, mozama Kukwezeleza luso kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi ndondomeko zida luso ndi kusintha ndi kukweza, lonse ndondomeko mphamvu dzuwa kuwongolera, ndi patsogolo panopa makampani zitsulo kuchepetsa mpweya, komanso chinsinsi posachedwapa otsika mpweya. kusintha ndi kukweza kwa chitsulo cha China.

Mu Ogasiti chaka chino, Komiti Yotsatsa Zitsulo Zochepa Za Carbon Work Promotion idatulutsa mwalamulo "Carbon Neutral Vision and Low Carbon Technology Roadmap for the Steel Viwanda" (pambuyo pake amatchedwa "Roadmap"), yomwe ikufotokoza njira zisanu ndi imodzi zaukadaulo zosinthira mpweya wochepa. zamakampani aku China zitsulo, zomwe ndi kuwongolera mphamvu zamagetsi, kubwezeredwa kwazinthu, kukhathamiritsa kwazinthu ndi luso lazopangapanga, njira yosungunulira, kubwereza kwazinthu ndikukweza, komanso kugwidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kaboni.

Roadmap amagawa njira kukhazikitsa wapawiri mpweya kusintha mu makampani zitsulo China mu magawo anayi, siteji yoyamba ndi kulimbikitsa mokangalika kupindula kwa carbon pachimake pofika 2030, kwambiri decarbonization kuchokera 2030 mpaka 2040, sprinting chifukwa kwambiri kuchepetsa mpweya kuchokera. 2040 mpaka 2050, ndikulimbikitsa kusalowerera ndale kwa kaboni kuyambira 2050 mpaka 2060.

Fan Tiejun, pulezidenti wa Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute, anagawa chitukuko cha mafakitale azitsulo ku China mu magawo awiri ndi magawo asanu.Nthawi ziwirizi ndi nthawi ya kuchuluka kwa nthawi komanso nthawi yapamwamba, nthawi yochuluka imagawidwa mu siteji ya kukula ndi gawo lochepetsera, ndipo nthawi yabwino kwambiri imagawidwa m'magulu opititsa patsogolo, kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi chitukuko chochepa cha carbon. siteji.M'malingaliro ake, makampani azitsulo aku China ali pagawo lochepetsera, kufulumizitsa gawo lokonzanso ndikulimbitsa gawo loteteza chilengedwe la magawo atatu omwe akudutsa.

Fan Tiejun adanena kuti, malinga ndi kumvetsetsa ndi kufufuza kwa Metallurgical Planning and Research Institute, makampani azitsulo aku China asiya kale malingaliro osadziwika bwino ndi mawu opanda kanthu, ndipo mabizinesi ambiri ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri za carbon mu ntchito yofunika kwambiri yachitsulo. mabizinesi.Makina angapo azitsulo zapakhomo ayamba kale kuyesa zitsulo za hydrogen, mapulojekiti a CCUS ndi mapulojekiti amagetsi obiriwira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zachitsulo ndi hydrogen metallurgy ndizofunikira

Oyang'anira mafakitale akuwonetsa kuti pakusintha kwamafuta otsika a carbon, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zitsulo zosasunthika komanso kupanga ukadaulo wa hydrogen metallurgy kudzakhala imodzi mwa njira ziwiri zofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera kuchepetsa mpweya m'makampani.

Xiao Guodong, wothandizira wamkulu wa bungwe la China Baowu Group ndi woimira wamkulu wa Carbon Neutral, adanena pamsonkhanowo kuti chitsulo ndi zinthu zobiriwira zomwe zimatha kubwezeredwa ndipo mafakitale azitsulo akhala maziko ofunikira kuthandizira chitukuko cha dziko lamakono.Padziko lonse zinthu zachitsulo zosasunthika sizokwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa za chitukuko cha anthu, ndipo kupanga zitsulo kuyambira ore kudzakhalabe chodziwika bwino kwa nthawi yaitali m'tsogolomu.

Xiao adanena kuti kukula kwa zitsulo zobiriwira za carbon low ndi chitsulo sikungotsimikiziridwa ndi momwe zinthu zilili panopa komanso mphamvu, komanso kukhazikitsa maziko a mibadwo yamtsogolo kuti ikhale ndi zipangizo zambiri zobwezeretsanso zitsulo.Kuti tikwaniritse cholinga chapawiri cha kaboni chamakampani azitsulo, kusintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu ndikofunikira kwambiri, komwe mphamvu ya haidrojeni idzagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.

Bambo Huang, Wachiwiri kwa Mlembi Wamkulu wa China Zitsulo Association, ananena kuti zitsulo wa hydrogen akhoza kupanga kuipa kwa zinthu zosakwanira zosakwanira zinthu m'mayiko osauka, makamaka m'mayiko ngati China, pamene hydrogen mwachindunji chitsulo kuchepetsa kungakhale njira yofunika kwa zosiyanasiyana. ndi kukulitsa chuma chachitsulo mu njira zazifupi.

M'mafunso am'mbuyomu ndi 21st Century Business Herald, Yanlin Zhao, yemwe ndi mkulu wa kafukufuku waku China ku Bank of America Securities, adati zitsulo ndimakampani omwe amatulutsa mpweya wambiri kupatula mphamvu yamafuta, ndipo hydrogen, monga gwero lamphamvu losinthika, ili kuthekera kwakukulu kosintha malasha ndi coke m'tsogolomu.Ngati polojekiti ya haidrojeni m'malo mwa malasha ingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mphero zachitsulo, idzabweretsa kupambana kwakukulu ndi mwayi wabwino wa chitukuko cha kusintha kwa mpweya wochepa wa mafakitale azitsulo.

Malinga ndi Fan Tiejun, nsonga ya carbon mu makampani azitsulo ndi nkhani yachitukuko, ndipo kuti akwaniritse mpweya wokhazikika komanso wasayansi pamakampani azitsulo, chinthu choyamba chomwe chiyenera kuthetsa ndikusintha kwachitukuko;pamene mu gawo kuchepetsa mpweya, zipangizo zamakono ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwadongosolo, ndi siteji decarbonization ayenera kukhala ndi zikamera wa teknoloji yosintha, kuphatikizapo zitsulo haidrojeni, ndi ntchito yaikulu ntchito ng'anjo magetsi steelmaking;mu gawo la carbon ndale wa makampani zitsulo, m'pofunika kuti The carbon ndale siteji ya makampani zitsulo ayenera kutsindika mtanda chigawo ndi Mipikisano chilango synergy, kaphatikizidwe chikhalidwe ndondomeko luso, CCUS ndi ntchito nkhalango mpweya mpweya.

Fan Tiejun adanenanso kuti kusintha kwa mpweya wochepa wamakampani azitsulo kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndikukonzekera chitukuko, zofunikira za unyolo wamakampani kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa mtsinje, chitukuko cha m'matauni, ndi luso lamakono, komanso kuti popeza makampani azitsulo posachedwapa adzaphatikizidwa mu carbon. msika, makampaniwo akuyeneranso kuphatikiza msika wa kaboni kuti alimbikitse kusunga mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa umuna kuchokera ku msika.